Therefore, probably the most fascinating aspect of jacana hybridization is the relative narrowness of one’s jacana hybrid area

New mtDNA cline is particularly slim; all of our guess suggests it is only seven km greater

Price shown a keen inverse relationship amongst the divergence lifetime of adult variety plus the width out-of avian hybrid zones, having younger taxa generally having hybrid zones between one hundred and you can 600 km large. A couple of three phenotypic qualities have been projected to have clines lower than 60 kilometer wider, since the projected cline for both of autosomal indicators was lower than a hundred kilometres large (Dining table step one, Figure 3a, b). And even allowing the new largest cline so you’re able to identify this new hybrid region, jacanas hybridize over a zone which is below 200 km greater. If you are education out-of avian crossbreed areas are typical, there were relatively couples rates of cline geometry playing with mitochondrial markers. Of one’s 14 studies that have comparable estimates, brand new jacana cline is among the narrowest (Table cuatro).

It phylogeographic development was a result of constant gene circulate and/otherwise previous colonization across the significant geographical ranges in both kinds, and establishes the knowledge for new World jacanas to keep gene circulate over long ranges

Theory set you to from inside the pressure zones cline thickness is actually a features out-of dispersal generating wide clines countered of the solutions up against hybrids leading so you’re able to narrower clines ,. Our very own COI investigation collected away from round the each other variety range outside the hybrid region implies that dispersal limit isn’t a cause of shaping jacana crossbreed areas just like the both parental variety look after gene circulate more continental-level geographical bills: J. spinosa common COI haplotypes ranging from western Panama and you can Honduras, while J. jacana had mutual haplotypes noticed between communities into the eastern Panama and you will southeastern South america (Figure cuatro), no proof of separation of the length either in variety all over those individuals testing places. The opposite, you to both types undergone current, independent, selective sweeps inside their mtDNA is actually eliminated by low inter-certain divergence and you can inside-varieties mitochondrial polymorphism. Ergo, the newest slim region mtDNA introgression it allows strong inference of alternatives up against hybrids in the jacanas rather than dispersal restricting the new depth of your own crossbreed region.

The newest shipments of phenotypic traits and you can mtDNA haplotypes along the contact area indications asymmetry when you look at the interspecific affairs and you may trait introgression. First, birds classified since phenotypic “hybrids” had indices somewhat biased to the spinosa phenotype, as well as such birds got J. spinosa mtDNA, a finding that is actually nearly mathematically high provided our very own more compact sample dimensions (N =5, P =0.06). Concurrently all of the phenotypic “hybrids” was in fact located to the west of the cline locations for everyone phenotypic and you may mtDNA clines (Most file 1: Dining table S1), however, since we found partners birds east of hybrid zone cardiovascular system, this wanting ple proportions. Based on the specimens, J. spinosa women possess a bigger average body size than just J. jacana ladies (154.5 ± cuatro.6 g in the place of 134.cuatro ± 3.9 g, t-sample, t =step 3.07, P =0.007). Within this a kinds, larger-bodied lady jacanas may keep territories as compared to reduced women ,,. The higher size of J. spinosa ladies get permit them to use territorial control for the mixed-varieties populations throughout the crossbreed zone. Facts from a natural population of jacanas signifies that only the largest lady can handle maintaining areas . The discovering that all phenotypic hybrids had J. spinosa COI haplotypes was in keeping with all of our theory from largely unidirectional hybridization associated with J. spinosa lady and you can J. jacana males. Differential heterospecific hostility provides prior to now started observed in hybridizing Anas ducks and you will Dendroica warblers , in those two instances, differences in violence have been proven to both help the amount out of crossbreed matings otherwise grow all of the the greater aggressive species.